Turbine



H. DANEL May 8, 1934.

TURBxNE File'd April 1, 193s 2 Sheets-Sheet l @www I ,4W/ffii? .May 8, 1934i. H DANEL l 1,958,333

TURBINE Filed April 1, 193s 2 sheets-sheet 2 me@ i@ ATTORNEY Patented May 8, 1934 Y UNITED STATES vPATENT OFFICE Application April ll, 1933, Serial No. 684,016 In Germany April 2, 1932 2 claims. (ci. 25e-5o) This invention relates to a turbine wherein steam or any other nuid may be utilized on long passages and used up to do work, instead of letting it now out in free expansion, as hitherto 5 practiced.

Such work is done by causing steam to pass through a plurality of perforated plates or grates, removable or not removable. The accompanying drawings illustrate the progress of this steam traversing all these grates and more than three millions of perforations in the large types of turbines.

Figures l and la show two diierent grates with perforation's in staggered arrangement.

Figures 2, 3, and i are perspective views of diierent rotors o such a turbine.

Figure 5 is a front view of a stator unit mounted in a casing and disclosing the way the plates are arranged and distributed in the channels.

Figure 6 is a plan view of the stator showing in, dotted lines derivation passageways causing steam to pass from one drum to another.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the whole arrangement of the turbine.

This turbine is essentially constituted by a rotor comprising a series of drums (Figures 2, 3, and e), on the periphery of which channels 2 are arranged adapted to receive steam. These channels are provided with perforated plates 2 3@ dividing the steam into an innmte number of jets, as would be the case with a great number of superposed spray-cones. The perforated parts of the plates do not lie on the same line, but are staggered.

Each one of these jets is directed on the imperforate portions of all the grates which are struck by the front, the action being wholly pernendicular to the central axis and without any oblique or lateral pressure. These grates are so arranged as to allow the perforations of one grate to alternate with the perforations of the following. In other words, the imperforate portions of one grate should correspond with the periorations oi the preceding grate. The perforations are thus in staggered relation, causing the steam to spray on the quadrilateral surfaces spacing them apart, and as the steam must traverse an unlimited number of squares or crossroads it may thus be used up to the utmost limit of its main zones of elasticity, being forced to always remain under the action o a resistance, avoiding eddying and braking edects.

These plates or grates are as near one another as possible and may be arranged in groups, in such a manner as to leave free spaces to facilitate the admission of steam which may be effected through one or more nozzles. These grates may also have a continuous and regular succession,

i. e. they may be distributed on the perlpheryof the drums. They may also be arranged in steps, ed i. e. unequally dimensioned on the same drum, or they may be all alike.

One of the features of this turbine lies in the shape of the passageways 9 arranged to cause steam to nass alternatively from one drum to the da other, with great facility, and to serve at the same time as a support therefor. These passageways 9 leave and arrive tangentially to the drums and are of a cross-section substantially equal to the latter.

Y Another feature of the invention is the perforation of the grates which enables the' steam to have a speed much greater than that of the rotor. whatever the pressure may be, and to work at a great range on great surfaces. f5

The perforations may have various dimensions and shapes: circular, square, lozenged, octogonal, small or great, short or elongated, also vertical horizontal or diagonal.

The rotor is surrounded by a stator l@ in the @c dome of which the passageways 9 are provided which remove completely the steam atthe out= now from each of the drums of which it achieves a nearly complete revolution, and as the device may be applied to all dimensions, it is possible sa to modify at will the diameter of the turbine. With the aid of a great lever (radius) which may have 3, il, 5 meters and more, and with grates having each up to 5() drn and more, a working ability may be obtained which ls considerably a@ greater than all those attained up to now. The drums and the passageways may also be modified at will, as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4i: viz regular (Figure 2), with increasing diameter (F'mn'e 3), widening with equal diameter (Figure a) From above description, it is seen that the inventor provides a means to cause a fluid, for lne stance steam, to. work on a much greater circuit and on greater surfaces than it does at present. it may be used at all pressures, from the iowest m@ to the highest, keeping a striking and penetrat-I ing power up to the last perforation, even after a long passa-ge, as its sneedis always independent of that of the rotor which is checked by the Werl; which it has to furnish. This indicates that its efficiency will thus be considerably increased.

This application is a continuation in part of my conendlng application, Serial No. 542.933, nled June d, i931.

I clalmzhaving a channel in the periphery thereof, Ia plu- 1. A steam turbine comprising a fixed stator rality of removable perforated plates radially and a rotatable rotor, the rotor being divided into mounted in each channel and positioned close toa plurality of connected drums, each drum having gether, the perforations of each plate beingv suba channel in the periphery thereof, a plurality of stantially equal to one-half of the surface of removable perforated plates radially mounted in each plate, and theperforations of one plate being each channel and'posltionedclose together, the staggered with respect to the perforations in the -perforations of each plate being substantially adjacent plates, the perforated plates in each equal to one-half of -the surface of each plate and A channel being arranged in circumierentially the perforations of one plate being staggered with spaced groups and the plates in each group being respect to the perforations in adjacent plates, positioned close together, said stator having a the perforated plates in each channel being arplurality of passageways for connecting the chanranged in circumferentially spaced groups and nel in the periphery of one drum with those in the plates in each group being positioned close adjacent drums, said passageways being of crosstogether. section substantially equal to the channels in 2. A steam turbine comprising a fixed stator the drums, and being positioned for introducing and a rotatable rotor, the rotor being divided and discharging steam tangentiallytoeach drum.c into a plurality of connected drums, each drum HERMAN DANEL. 

